{"id":1420,"date":"2013-07-02T15:21:23","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T08:21:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1420"},"modified":"2013-07-02T15:21:23","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T08:21:23","slug":"quan-li-nguoi-ki-thuat-phan-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1420","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n 2"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 v\u00e0i m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed; t\u1eebng m\u1ee9c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng, vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00f4ng ti n\u01a1i h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tri th\u1ee9c h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u00a0 n\u01a1i h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. H\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m, v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cho t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ed5. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho t\u1ed5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7y k\u00e8m cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u1edbi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u01b0a th\u00edch \u1edf l\u1ea1i trong khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111i l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, hay chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean an ninh, v.v.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Trong khi tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, qui tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n li\u00ean quan nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho t\u1ed5, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i r\u1ed3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3 trong h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong th\u1eddi gian, chi ph\u00ed, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qui tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi qui tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 qua vi\u1ec7c k\u00e8m c\u1eb7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 phi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt qua th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng sao l\u00e3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u00ean l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ed9t \u201cportfolio\u201d hay t\u1eadp v\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c mi\u1ec1n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. (Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed portfolio). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c doanh nghi\u1ec7p. (Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh cho c\u00f4ng ti). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf m\u1ee9c mi\u1ec1n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u0169ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, qui tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh quan t\u00e2m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1edbi qui tr\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, qui tr\u00ecnh m\u1ee9c cao m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u00ean trong mi\u1ec1n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp \u0111i l\u00ean l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu (chu\u1ea9n) \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00ec n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb qua l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh trong c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ea7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, qui tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh trong c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111o t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng t\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh, \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c gi\u00fap cho Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng tin (CIO) trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti, v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n giao gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng theo m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i v\u00e0o cho CIO d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho CIO v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ecd sang vai tr\u00f2 kia \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam v\u1edbi c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Managing technical people part 2<\/p>\n

There are several levels of managements; each requires different knowledge, skills, roles and responsibilities. Most people start their career as technical workers. After graduate from college, they work for company where they develop the skills to do the work by apply the knowledge they learn in school into real works. Software graduates often work as testers then move to developers where they learn to solve technical problems. They work in teams and collaborate with each others to develop software products. After few years of experience, few people move up to team leader role.<\/p>\n

A team leader is a skilled and experienced person with additional responsibilities to lead a team to be successful. The team leader provides technical leadership to the team and trains new team members to do their works. The team leader also helps solve technical problems that are beyond team member\u2019s skills. Team leader leads by example and assume the most challenging work in the team. He also plans the work for the team as well as keeps the project manager informed about the team activities. By working as a mentor to team members he learns about managing people. In other word, a team leader is a technical position with additional people management responsibilities. Of course, not all technical people want to move to management position. If they prefer to stay in technical area, the next step could be move up to system architect position or support positions such as requirements engineer, business analyst, quality assurance, configuration management, or security specialist etc.<\/p>\n

The step from team leader to project manager is a major career change if the person wants to advance into management career paths. The project manager manages technical people in a project by provide appropriate vision, direction and leadership. While technical knowledge is the fundamental, by moving into the project manager, the person must learn more about managing people, process, and project performance. However, project manager is mostly concerned with managing technical people in the project by provides clear direction to the team, plans the project\u2019s work from beginning to the end then executes it into actions. The success of the project is largely depending on the project manager\u2019s ability to plan, organize, and manage the project effectively and deliver customer\u2019s requirements within time, cost, and quality. Project manager defines the project\u2019s process and procedures in alignment with the organization\u2019s standard process and company\u2019s policy. He helps team leaders develop their skills as well as their team member\u2019s skills through mentoring and informal training. Project manager must resolve all issues of the project, both technical and non-technical through negotiation, communication and determination. Sometime he must act as a buffer to protect the project team from undesirable external distractions.<\/p>\n

The next step of moving up is the role of program manager. A program manager manages a \u201cportfolio\u201d or a set of several projects within a domain area. (Sometime is called portfolio manager). This is an important position as the alignment of business strategy to the implementation of a program is critical. A program is created to achieve a company objective based on the business strategy. (For example develop a major product for the company). Program manager helps project managers to develop their skills, negotiate with customers on issues and resolving problems at the organizational domain level. A program manager also plans the organization\u2019s work and make sure that all works and products are aligned with the company objectives. Although all managers manage people, process and performance but the program manager is mostly concerned with the process. The program manager must define the organizational standard processes, a high level process that all projects within that domain in the company must follow to ensure consistency and quality.<\/p>\n

The next step up is the role of a director or a junior executive. This position is more focus on business than technical as it concerns mostly on achieving company business objectives and creating value through the work of major function in the company. A director manages several program managers, since program managers are focusing on technical areas of a domain specific, the director needs to operate effectively at the strategic area. Although all managers manage people, process and performance but the director is mostly concerned with the performance of the major domain function within a company. The director measures the effectiveness, efficiency, quality and performance of all projects using a set of metrics that measure projects\u2019 performance to identify strengths, weaknesses of all work activities. The director helps the Chief Information Officer (CIO) in defining strategies to achieve the company\u2019s objectives, and authorizes budget for projects to deliver the required technical solutions. The director assesses current technology implementation, plan programs, products, and projects to make sure they are aligned with the company\u2019s objectives. The director provides inputs to the CIO based on the performance of organizational projects. The director\u2019s main responsibilities are to authorize projects and programs budget to deliver the required outcomes, negotiate resource and capacity issues and resolving problems at the organizational level and help the CIO and other executives appreciate the value of the project and program portfolio and ensuring the work is aligned with the evolving organizational objectives.<\/p>\n

From technical positions to management positions requires different knowledge and skills and every transition from one role to another, needs additional trainings with clearly defined roles, responsibilities for these people to be effective.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 v\u00e0i m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed; t\u1eebng m\u1ee9c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng, vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-he-thong-tin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1420"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1421,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1420\/revisions\/1421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}