{"id":1388,"date":"2013-07-02T12:41:08","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T05:41:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1388"},"modified":"2013-07-02T12:41:08","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T05:41:08","slug":"nam-dau-o-dai-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1388","title":{"rendered":"N\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ecdi n\u0103m sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ec thi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng may, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o cho h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u1edf ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, qui t\u1eafc v\u00e0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u0103m 2011 c\u1ee7a Ban \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 “N\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t” \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 xem n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng: 64% sinh vi\u00ean b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi h\u1ecd mong \u0111\u1ee3i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t. 48% m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 74% sinh vi\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t cho h\u1ecd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00ec t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ecdi n\u0103m. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng minh hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng khi kh\u00f4ng ai b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y tin \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n s\u1ebd th\u1eafng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n s\u1ebd thua v\u00e0 b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cKhi th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m sinh vi\u00ean hay h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng cho b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd th\u00ec th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m sau. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho th\u1ea7y b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft h\u1ecd \u0111i v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i sinh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi, th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 \u00edt vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y.”\u00a0 \u1ede ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 hay gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n, h\u1ecd coi l\u00e0m th\u00eam c\u00e1i g\u00ec ph\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u1ede tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m tra vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean l\u1edbp, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec1u bu\u1ed5i, tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 huynh. \u1ede \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecf l\u1edbp th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u1ede tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c cho \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean suy x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecdc sinh \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed7. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 60% th\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed7, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecdc sinh 57% hay 58% c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed7. \u1ede \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7c cho \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 92% hay t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m “A”. 85% t\u1edbi 91% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cB\u201d, 75% t\u1edbi 84% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cC\u201d; v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi 75% l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. (\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u0129.)<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m sao l\u00e3ng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u00edt b\u1ecb gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m do b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh ch\u01b0a ch\u00edn ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u1ede tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng. D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb sao l\u00e3ng kh\u1ecfi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ma tu\u00fd, r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 mang thai kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n do nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng, nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. V\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 sao l\u00e3ng n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ebf lo\u1ea1ng cho\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. V\u00ec cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng t\u00f4i tin ai \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y cho h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 d\u1ea1y, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean h\u00e0n l\u00e2m nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hay l\u1edbp n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd l\u00e0m trong th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ph\u1ee5 huynh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Cho n\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ai ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y cho sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng? T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0: Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u1ea3. Cho n\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean cho ri\u00eang h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u0103m l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai. B\u1ea1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi, tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi, g\u1eb7p b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u00edn ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. Ch\u1eb3ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian cho t\u1edbi khi b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin “ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t m\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n” v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t, \u01b0u t\u00fa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh nh\u1ea5t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0 T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd trong b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi mong \u0111\u1ee3i cao v\u00e0 hi v\u1ecdng cao, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i gi\u00fap nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u qu\u00ed gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. N\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01a1i ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cung c\u1ea5p l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean ch\u00ed t\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u00e0n l\u00e2m c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Cho d\u00f9 m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 thi \u0111\u1ed7 k\u00ec thi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c h\u00e0n l\u00e2m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap th\u00eam; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc th\u00eam l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n n\u00e0o v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch mong \u0111\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 cho \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec chu\u1ea9n trong to\u00e0n m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The first year in college<\/p>\n

Every year new students go to college thinking they are ready since they have passed the exam and get admitted to the school. Unfortunately, no one warns them that, regardless of what they accomplished in high school, the rules and expectations are different in college. A 2011 report by the College Board titled “The first year” surveyed students to see what their first year in college was like and how well they felt high school prepared them for the rigors of college education has found that:. 64% report that college courses were more difficult than they expected in terms of what students needed to know and what was required to get good grades. 48% describe the transition from high school to college as challenging and 74% of students say that high school did not prepare them well for college.<\/p>\n

As a professor, I am not surprised since I saw this happens every year. Many first-year students are unprepared. It is not that they are not smart or motivated but there is a big different between the atmosphere in high school and the life style of the university. These students arrive in college thinking they are ready when no one has told them the rules have changed. To make things worse, many college professors either do not know or do not care about the college experiences that shape these students\u2019 future and characters. One professor told me that he believe college is about competition so the one that survive will win and the one who could not will lose and drop out. Another professor explained: \u201cWhen you teach first year, you have hundreds of students or more. Some are serious about studying but many are not. If you do not make the test hard enough to eliminate some of them than you will have to teach more students in the following years. That will keep you busy and have to work harder. By eliminate most of them and select only few good students, you have less work and better students to teach.\u00a0 In high school, teachers often know the students well and sometime they can advise or help but in college, professors are busy, they consider it is not their job to do anything extra. In high school, teachers often check for class attendance, if students missing many classes, the school can contact the parents. In college, professors do not check attendance and if students skip class, that is their problem, as they are considered adult and they be responsible for their action. In high school, grading is mostly based on the teacher\u2019s discretions so it is possible to pass a student at the borderline. If 60% is passing grade, a teacher can give a 57% or 58% students passing grade. In college grading is mostly based on a standard curve such as 92% or better gets “A” grade. 85% to 91% gets \u201cB\u201d grade, 75% to 84% gets \u201cC\u201d grade; and below 75% is a failing grade. (This is a standard in many U.S university)<\/p>\n

There are many things that distract college students, especially the first year students. As they begin to experience some individual freedoms and less supervision from parents, some may act irresponsible due to their immature nature. In high school, they are limited to number of friends whom they know for many years but in college, they meet many new friends who came from different places and different backgrounds. Some are there to study, some may not. It is easy to get bad influences and they could be distracted from studying. First year students are often victims of drugs, alcohols and unwanted pregnancy due to many parties, dancing, and experiments in certain behaviors. With all these changes and distractions, it is no surprise so many students stumble and fail. Since college life is different from high school I believe someone has to teach them how to be a college student.<\/p>\n

Most college professors believe that their job is to teach, not to advice. Most college counselors believe that their job is to provide academic advices such as selecting fields of study or what class to take but not on student\u2019s behaviors and how they do in their own time. Most career counselors believe that their job is to help graduates to find jobs, not deal with first year students. Most parents do not know what happen in college, they do not know that there is a difference between high school and college. So the question is who should be responsible to teach first year students how to be a successful college student? I have asked many people and the obvious answer is: No one. So it is the students\u2019 responsibility for their own.<\/p>\n

In my experience, the first year is the most confusing year for anyone. You are entering a new environment, new school, meeting new friends but you are not mature enough to deal with all of these changes. No matter how many advices you have, no matter how prepared you are, you can still be lost for a while until you know what to do. It is the process of discovering that you must do it alone. Some people believe \u201cOnly the best survive\u201d as college is a competition to get the best, the elite, the smartest in certain field.\u00a0 I do not agree with it. I think as educator, we are responsible for our students and we must do our best to help them in their first step toward adulthood as we are shaping their career and their future. All students enter college with high expectations and high hopes, and we must help nurturing these precious things. College is a preparation for life; it is the first step that needs more guidance than anything else. The first year should never be a competition where students compete to survive but it must be the place where we, the educators provide the best advices to help them overcome all obstacles to lead a successful career as responsible persons.<\/p>\n

I suggest that as educators, we must take time to understand students\u2019 academic background and use that information to focus on \u00a0our teaching. Even all students have passed the exam and get selected to college but not all students have the same academic level. Some may need additional helps; some may need to take additional class to build up their skills before taking ordinary college classes. We must communicate our expectations clearly to our students in the first day of class to avoid any confusion and encourage positive changes in our students. We must clearly set grading expectation policies so all students understand how they will be graded and remind them how to maintain standards throughout the course. By putting some extra efforts up front, we may help our student to put their first step in college with better clarity and more confident on their educational journey.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ecdi n\u0103m sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ec thi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1388"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1388\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1389,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1388\/revisions\/1389"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}