{"id":1335,"date":"2013-07-02T09:46:12","date_gmt":"2013-07-02T02:46:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1335"},"modified":"2013-07-02T09:46:12","modified_gmt":"2013-07-02T02:46:12","slug":"cong-nghe-thong-tin-o-chau-au","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1335","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT hi\u1ec7n t\u1eddi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng v\u1eady trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u00ecn nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n cho c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u00f3i h\u1ecd quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti CNTT \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd sang ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o CNTT hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean CNTT \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\u00a0 Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o CNTT cho d\u00f9 ng\u00e0y nay nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti n\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng n\u00f3i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e2n qu\u0129 v\u00e0o n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd: “Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n l\u00e0: K\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft doanh nghi\u1ec7p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c suy ngh\u0129 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tri th\u1ee9c doanh nghi\u1ec7p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec CNTT th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t cho sinh vi\u00ean CNTT c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u nh\u01b0 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t.\u201d<\/p>\n

N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd cho t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, theo m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 800 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y 64% nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 42% n\u00f3i h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn. Ch\u1ec9 0.2% n\u00f3i h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean l\u01b0\u01a1ng hay \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft l\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn, trung b\u00ecnh $600,000 cho t\u1edbi $1.5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la. Theo cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c n\u0103m 2012. Khi CNTT tr\u1edf n\u00ean “n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n” v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 cung kh\u00e1 xa. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi 40,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u00eam nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c visa \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT v\u1eabn c\u00f2n cao.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Google, Eric Schmidt \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i n\u00f3i t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng khoa h\u1ecdc Anh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh Anh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: \u201cAnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201ch\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i\u201d hay n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o tri th\u1ee9c”, t\u00f4i tin \u00fd th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 th\u00fa v\u1ecb h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh.\u201d \u00d4ng \u1ea5y l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a n\u0103m t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00eam v\u00e0o tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong ba n\u0103m t\u1edbi, do vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 h\u01a1n, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \u201cN\u1ebfu th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 qua \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y cho ch\u00fang ta \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 n\u00e0y vi\u1ec7c lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111i h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0o l\u00fac m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu Anh \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o h\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u00e0m sai h\u01b0\u1edbng. Ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef an ninh cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh ch\u1ec9 cho t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e3ng 4,000 sinh vi\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i th\u1ebf.\u201d<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 Brazil nh\u01b0ng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o CNTT th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i l\u00ed do nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ed5 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u qu\u00e1 ch\u1eadm thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60, ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. C\u00f3 tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng cho t\u1edbi gi\u1edd n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111em t\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u00e0o. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i H\u1ed9i ho\u00e0ng gia Anh \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201ct\u1eaft m\u00e1y hay ch\u1ea1y l\u1ea1i\u201d c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y CNTT trong c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh “kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i” gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh CNTT b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0n l\u00e2m. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 k\u00e9o \u1ed5 c\u1eafm ra kh\u1ecfi t\u01b0\u1eddng. L\u00e0m sao \u00f4ng g\u1eafn n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng?” M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn: \u201cCh\u00fang ta c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta; ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i g\u00ecn gi\u1eef n\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\u201d M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cKhi m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u1edf M\u0129 hay n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng sang M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1eebng n\u0103m, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn sinh vi\u00ean qua M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. C\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n. Ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t cho ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cCh\u00e2u \u00c2u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 M\u0129 hay Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n hay ch\u00e2u \u00c1, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1edbi ch\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\u201d Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 CNTT, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u nh\u01b0 Hi L\u1ea1p, B\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e0o nha, T\u00e2y ban nha v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c n\u01a1i th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n hay sa th\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111ang t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee9 v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y sang n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 hay vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o sang kinh t\u1ebf th\u00f4ng tin, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 r\u01a1i th\u00e0nh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 v\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT.<\/p>\n

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—-English version—-<\/p>\n

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Information Technology in Europe<\/p>\n

A new European study on Information Technology (IT) warned that the current IT industry is weaker than it has been in the past and the education systems have not kept up with the skills demand by the industry to compete globally. The study interviewed several thousand industry leaders to identify the skills workers would need to improve their careers; as well as identify the skills they should develop to remain employable.<\/p>\n

The study found that more than half of Europe’s technology<\/a> companies said they were concerned about losing skilled employees to competitors. With globalization, many Indian IT companies are expanding their operation to Europe and hire European skilled workers with better salaries and benefits. The study also found that current IT education programs were inadequate and the number of IT students had declined or not be able to work in the industry.\u00a0 There is no mention of business aspect in IT training programs even today the need of business skills is critical. The study recommended that companies should work with employees to provide additional training that the business needs. It also said the government should invest more funding into such efforts to fix the skills gap. A government official agreed: “We have major issue with our IT skills development and if we do not take immediate actions we may lose the best opportunity to improve our economy. Currently our publicly funded education system and our industry needs do not align sufficiently. What we need are: Strong technical skills, better global business understanding, and the ability to think strategically. Today global business knowledge is very important as IT increasingly promotes business growth. It is essential for our IT students <\/a>to understand the direction of the business and the global trends. We are not protected by the European market as in the past but we must compete globally and this is where we have not doing well.\u201d<\/p>\n

Last year many European technology companies agreed to give all workers a pay raise, according to an Information Technology (IT) salary and career survey. The survey of 800 technology companies found 64% of respondents received a pay raise and 42% said they received a large bonus. Only 0.2% said they did not receive a raise or experienced a pay cut. At the same time, senior executives and managers also received large bonus, averaging $600,000 to $1.5 million dollars. According to the survey, most IT workers anticipated another pay raise in 2012. As IT becoming \u201chotter\u201d with mobile applications, most companies wants to keep their current workers as demand has by far exceeds supply. Even with the extra 40,000 Indian IT workers received special visas to come and work in Europe last year the demand for IT workers is still high.<\/p>\n

Last month, Google Chairman Eric Schmidt delivered a speech at the UK Science Museum where he criticized the UK for failing to improve its education system. He warned: \u201cBritain can become a \u201cFarming island\u201d or it can become a \u201cKnowledge island\u201d, I believe the latter is more interesting but it is the British\u2019s choice.\u201d He noted that the rapid evolution of technology were set to bring five billion more people online across the world in the next three years, due to the increasing use of smartphones. This will result in demand for more automation, collaboration, and innovation. He declared: \u201cIf the past decade has taught us anything, it is that if you connect people with information they will change the world. In this century the spread of mobile phones will push things further than any of us can imagine. Today all countries are facing growing skills shortages in computing at a time when the world needs more IT workers than ever. Basically technological innovations cannot happen without these workers. If the UK is to respond to the challenges effectively, there must be a change in the development and training of IT workers. If students were told to learn all you needed to know in college and then stop, they were misinformed. The key to securing the country\u2019s economic strengths depends on the way science, engineering and technology are taught in schools. I cannot imagine a country like the UK only graduates about 4,000 computer science students a year. That is a serious supply problem in a country as rich as this with so many talented people.\u201d<\/p>\n

There are a growing number of IT workers in developing countries such as India, China, and Brazil but in Europe the numbers of student enrolling in IT is actually decreasing. There are several reasons but most people blame the archaic education systems in Europe that are too slow to change. Many universities in Europe are managed by people who were educated in the 60s who are very conservative and do not want to change quickly. There are debates about improving education systems but so far it has not brought any significant changes. Last year the Royal Society of UK issued a report called \u201cShut Down or Restart\u201d which proposes changes to the teaching of IT in both high schools and colleges. After many years of funding education improvement without any results, the UK government has decided to \u201creboot\u201d the IT curriculum by scrapping the entire existing curriculum and completely replace it with a new curriculum. However, it faces a strong resistance from academic people. One professor said: \u201cIt is like pulling the plug out of the wall. How do you put it back and not damage the system? Another professor commended: \u201cWe have our tradition; we must preserve it and not surrender to the demand from the industry.\u201d A young student complained: \u201cAs long as these professors are still in charge, you cannot change anything.\u201d<\/p>\n

Today many young professors left Europe for better jobs in the U.S or elsewhere. Top students also prefer to go to the U.S for better trainings than their local schools. Each year, hundreds of thousand students go to the U.S for training in science, technology and many never return. There is another issue regarding computing and engineering as they often require continuous learning to keep up which is not what students want. The belief of having a college degree and a good job for the rest of the life is still strong among younger people. A college student explains: \u201cEurope is not the U.S or Japan or Asia, they work to death. We are different and we have better lives here.\u201d The concept of lifelong learning is still new and not everybody agree with it.<\/p>\n

In the fast changing world of information technology, everything requires technology knowledge. If you do not know something about IT, you will not have a good future. Today we are witnessing the crisis in many European countries such as Greek, Portugal, Spain and others where unemployment has reached all time high with many companies went bankrupt or laid off people. Governments are restructured every few months but cannot solve the problems and as the crisis spreads from one country to another, people start to blame on government policy or the lack of it. Of course, it is a complicated matter but as Europe moves from the manufacturing economy to information economy, many people are unprepared and fell victims to the change where there are few manufacturing jobs but plenty of information technology jobs that have shortage of IT workers.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT hi\u1ec7n t\u1eddi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1335","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau","category-cong-nghe-thong-tin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1335"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1335\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1337,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1335\/revisions\/1337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}