{"id":1284,"date":"2013-07-01T21:44:41","date_gmt":"2013-07-01T14:44:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1284"},"modified":"2013-07-01T21:44:41","modified_gmt":"2013-07-01T14:44:41","slug":"cua-hang-truc-tuyen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1284","title":{"rendered":"C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u th\u1ebf cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u1edbi Internet m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, v\u1edbi CNTT kinh doanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m giao d\u1ecbch ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u00e0o, n\u1ed9p ti\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ATM \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1edbi c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd. V\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc qua laptop c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hay \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v.v.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng; ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hay \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd b\u00e1n. Ng\u00e0y nay kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111ang t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la. L\u00ed do \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i v\u00e0o tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, b\u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u01a1n v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed \u00edt h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kinh doanh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang th\u00e0nh d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a CNTT.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hay mua c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n qua c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 nh\u1eefng giao t\u00e1c kinh doanh n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y d\u1ea1ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u quan li\u00eau v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, v\u1edbi \u00edt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 khi v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhanh h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, CNTT \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00ean h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Khi nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u00f9ng CNTT, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi. Khi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i. Khi nhi\u1ec1u robot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng, \u00edt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u00edt vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng trong v\u00f2ng n\u0103m n\u0103m n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u00fat gi\u1ea3m l\u1edbn trong thu nh\u1eadp, th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao, n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111ang theo \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn kinh t\u1ebf, kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn hay e-commerce d\u1eabn t\u1edbi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cao h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u0169ng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n do nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea1nh tranh h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn trong th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0y v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u nh\u01b0 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, Hi L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u1edbi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao h\u01a1n khi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u r\u1ed3i ra to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf than: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb l\u00e2u nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn b\u1ecb ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean b\u1edfi n\u00f3. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn doanh nghi\u1ec7p, to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro. V\u1edbi kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u1edbn v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti v\u00ec nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u1ea1nh tranh b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u1edf qui m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch phi t\u1eadp trung ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 “l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng” c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed cho n\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ngang qua c\u00e1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0o k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Trong khi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t “l\u00e0ng.” M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng CNTT h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, b\u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c \u00e9p h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea1nh tranh h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh cao nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t “c\u00fa b\u1ea5m chu\u1ed9t”. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng, th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng t\u1edbi v\u00e0i c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao t\u1eadn nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t “c\u00fa b\u1ea5m chu\u1ed9t”. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n thu\u00ea nh\u00e0 m\u1edf c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hay v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 “c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng \u1ea3o” \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u01a1n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Amazon \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf “v\u00f4 danh ti\u1ec3u t\u1ed1t” \u1edf Seattle. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7, Jeff Bezos th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a internet v\u00e0 kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e1n s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 sinh vi\u00ean bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1edbi mua s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean, Jeff c\u0169ng b\u00e1n \u0111\u0129a CD nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 DVD phim. Khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, Jeff \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda hi\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 to\u00e0n t\u00e2m v\u00e0o b\u00e1n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. Ng\u00e0y nay Amazon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi thu nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u00e0i t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho \u00f4ng \u1ea5y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. (Jeff Bezos \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 6, sau Bill Gates c\u1ee7a Microsoft, Larry Ellison c\u1ee7a Oracles, Sergey Brin v\u00e0 Larry Page c\u1ee7a Google, Mark Zuckerberg c\u1ee7a Facebook). Ng\u00e0y nay Amazon b\u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u websites trong c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 mua s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa t\u1eeb Amazon l\u00e0 Pony Ma, m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 mua s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfng Anh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Pony b\u1ecb \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho n\u00ean anh ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ba b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Th\u00e2m Quy\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n s\u00e1ch cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Tencent. Ng\u00e0y nay Tencent l\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 sinh l\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m h\u01a1n $3 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Amazon, Tencent b\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u00e1n tr\u00ean 700,000 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u kinh doanh. Pony Ma tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thanh ni\u00ean gi\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u201cBill Gates\u201d c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

Akumah l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean CNTT ch\u00e2u Phi kh\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 mua \u0111\u0129a CD nh\u1ea1c t\u1eeb Amazon v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00ec b\u00e1n s\u00e1ch, anh ta mu\u1ed1n b\u00e1n qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 gi\u1ea7y d\u00e9p th\u1eddi trang. Anh ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Nam Phi r\u1ed3i b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng. C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a anh ta Zando l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn \u1edf Nam Phi v\u00e0 Sabunta l\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng th\u1eddi trang l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Nigeria. Nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u th\u1eddi trang nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng n\u00e0o \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u Phi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o mua b\u00e1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng hay m-commerce v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

On-line stores<\/p>\n

Information technology (IT) can bring many advantages to businesses. With the Internet people can do business anywhere and anytime. Unlike the physical structure required to do business in the past, with IT business can be done on line. For example, people can do banking and not depend on the location of the bank. They can open an account online to any bank, deposit, and withdraw money from ATM machine anywhere in the world. With on-line stores, people can buy almost anything without have to leave their home. With on-line schools, students can access lectures via their laptops or mobile phones etc.<\/p>\n

In the industrial age, most businesses operate in local market; only very large companies can expand into global market. In the information age, any business can operate in the global market, regardless of their size or what they sell. Today online businesses are growing quickly and valued at trillion dollars. The simple reason is the global markets are several times larger than domestic markets. By moving on-line, businesses have more customers, sell more products with less cost and make more profits. In other word, globalization is a process where local economy get integrated with the rest of the world and doing business globally is getting easier for anyone who know how to utilize the power of IT.<\/p>\n

Today anybody can sell their products in the global markets or buy things they need via on-line stores. In the past these business transactions took the form of exports and imports with a lot of bureaucracy and expensive. Today online stores is easier, with less restriction and as transportation is becoming cheaper and faster, businesses could operate anywhere in the world. Basically, IT has helped increase the volumes of international trade by hundreds times in the past few years.<\/p>\n

As more businesses are utilizing IT, more technical skilled workers are needed. As automation and machinery can take over labor jobs in factories, labor workers will be at a disadvantage. As more robots are used, less manual labor will be needed and fewer jobs will be created. It is predicted that within the next five years, countries that depend on manufacturing economy will see a significant declining in revenue, high unemployment where many labor job-seekers are going after a few jobs available.<\/p>\n

From the economic view, on-line business or e-commerce leads to higher profits and higher availability of goods and services to people of the world. Global competition can also lead to higher efficiencies and higher levels of quality due to more competition. However with globalization, farmers in developing countries will find that they cannot compete with agricultural imports from developed countries. These countries have better technology and agriculture practices that produce better produces with higher yields and lower price. Local small businesses will find that they cannot compete with powerful large global companies from developed countries that have strong management and better capital. However, labor and manufacturing workers from developed countries will also find that they cannot compete with lower cost labor workers from developing countries. With special tax incentives, ease of restrictions, many factories are moving to developing countries. These shifts are creating significant social and economic issues during this transition time and it could destabilize the economy of many countries as well as governments. We are witnessing the economic collapsing of several European countries such as Portugal, Greek, and Spain with higher unemployment as their factories are closing and moving elsewhere. This trend will spread all over Europe then the world in the next few years and the effects can be much bigger and more devastating than some economists had predicted. An economist lamented: \u201cWe have been talking about the effect of globalization and the transition for a long time but some people are still surprised by it. It seems they are not prepared and now suffer the consequences.\u201d<\/p>\n

From the business view, globalization and information systems have opened many new opportunities and also risks. With on-line business, the impact will be significant as it will affect every company because competitors are now on a global scale. There is no protection in a globalized market. That means company structures must change and be flexible to adapt for the diversity of markets. It also requires management to change their thinking, practices and strategy. They must know how to decentralize to react to market change faster and \u201cflatting out\u201d the structure to reduce the number of management levels so decision can be made quicker and more effective.<\/p>\n

Globalization is the integration of people, information technology, and finance across national boundaries into a global arena. While global trade has existed a long time but it is the emergences of information technologies that have shrink the world into a single “village.” Some companies have found that by utilizing IT they could expand their markets, sell more, get more customers and reduce costs to achieve better profits. As these companies get stronger and bigger they will create more pressures, more competition, and be able to eliminate competitors and business that are not prepared. Few years ago, people have to buy local products at low quality and high prices but with on-line business, they can buy product at better quality and lower prices at the \u201cclick of their mouse\u201d. Few years ago, they have to go to the store, sometime to several stores to get what they need but with on-line business, they can have everything delivered to their home with a \u201cclick of their mouse\u201d. Few years ago, business have to pay rent to open stores in the market or at good locations but with on-line business, they can have a \u201cvirtual stores\u201d to sell everything at a fraction of the cost and they can have more customers from all over the world rather than just local people.<\/p>\n

Twenty years ago, Amazon was an \u201cunknown\u201d small bookstore in Seattle. The owner, Jeff Bezos saw the potential of the internet and on-line business so he started to sell books on-line. At that time only students who knew how to use computer would buy books on-line. To attract more students, Jeff also sold music CDs and movies DVDs. As more people liked the convenience of on-line business, Jeff closed his bookstore and devoted to sell everything on-line. Today Amazon is one of the largest on-line stores in the world with annual revenue of several billion dollars and makes him one of the richest people in the world. (Jeff Bezos is ranked number 6, after Bill Gates of Microsoft, Larry Ellison of Oracles, Sergey Brin and Larry Page of Google, Mark Zuckerberg of Facebook). Today Amazon sells many things and has many websites in different languages to attract global customers.<\/p>\n

One of the people who brought textbooks from Amazon is Pony Ma, a student in China. Twenty years ago, it was difficult to buy English books in China, especially computer textbooks. Pony was so impressed with the idea of an on-line store so he started his own in China. Together with three of his classmates in ShenzhenUniversity, they started a small on-line store to sell books to students called Tencent. Today Tencent is the largest and most profitable on-line store in China with annual sales of more than $3 Billion dollars. Similar to Amazon, Tencent now sell over 700,000 items on-line and has expanded into several businesses. Pony Ma becomes one of the richest young people in China and often considered as the \u201cBill Gates\u201d of China.<\/p>\n

Akumah is another African IT student who brought music CDs from Amazon and impressed with the concept of on-line store but instead of selling books, he wanted to sell fashion clothing and shoes. He started his on-line store in S. Africa than expanded to neighbor countries. His online store Zando is a big success in S. Africa and Sabunta is the biggest fashion store in Nigeria. These on-line stores have the largest selection of top fashion brands than any store in Africa. Many African may not have computer and internet access but many have mobile phones so these stores have concentrated on mobile shopping or m-commerce and have been very successful.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u th\u1ebf cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u1edbi Internet m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh \u1edf … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1284"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1284\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1286,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1284\/revisions\/1286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}