{"id":1241,"date":"2013-07-01T17:38:54","date_gmt":"2013-07-01T10:38:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1241"},"modified":"2013-07-01T17:38:54","modified_gmt":"2013-07-01T10:38:54","slug":"the-gioi-thay-doi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1241","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 n\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng 85% vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. C\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng t\u1edbi 125% trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, k\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean an ninh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Web, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u cho sinh vi\u00ean h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh t\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho M\u0129 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn cao v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho sinh vi\u00ean v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y tr\u00edch d\u1eabn s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hay xu h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. H\u1ecd v\u1eabn t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan li\u00eau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1eefng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y nay. Nhu c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m. Trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00fang. Thay v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p nh\u00f3m trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1eefa h\u1ecd trong khi th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u00e0, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed1n b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng hay bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u01a1i h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tri th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o, tham gia v\u00e0o t\u1ed5 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n xuy\u00ean qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh n\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hai trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf M\u0129 (Harvard v\u00e0 MIT – Massachusetts Institute of Technology) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 edX \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. N\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ebd m\u1edf cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t chi ph\u00ed r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi nh\u00e0. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, StanfordUniversity \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf Udacity l\u00f4i k\u00e9o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean 200,000 sinh vi\u00ean tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn: \u201cV\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00edt \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n v\u00ec \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb Harvard, MIT hay Stanford nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i cho to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00ec c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o v\u00ec nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y hay nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh. Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e0y b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi n\u01a1i c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i v\u00f4 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh nhau v\u00f4 t\u1eadn s\u1ebd lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The changing world<\/p>\n

There is a new government study about future\u2019s jobs and it states that 85% of jobs will require a college degree and more and more jobs will need computer skills. Currently computer and technology related jobs are the fastest growing jobs which are expected to grow 125% in the next ten years. Among the highly needed positions are Systems analysts, Requirements engineers, Database administrators, Software developers, Security specialists, Information system managers, Web developers, Mobile application developers, and Network service specialists.<\/p>\n

In the past, workers did not go to college can still get jobs in manufacturing industry that earn enough to support a family. That is no longer the case and education systems need to catch up to that reality by having to prepare for more students than ever before for a completely different economy environment that requires a higher education and this situation is not just for the U.S but also for the world. Although more students are going to college today than ever before but the dropout rate is still high and many college education programs have not be able to prepare students for the job market. The report cited high number of college graduates but could not find job because what they learned are in areas that are no longer needed or have no skills in technology.<\/p>\n

The study found that most state owned education schools do not have a good understanding of what is going in the industry or the global trends. They are still producing a lot of bureaucrats who can function well in a well-established business system but not in a dynamic and fast changing system as of today. The current needs are workers that are thinkers and problem solvers who are adaptable and confident on what they do. In the fast changing market, workers must make the right decision and adjustment. Instead of having teachers tell them what to do, the new approach encourages more interactive work where students will be grouped into teams and work together on projects. They would be exchanging ideas among themselves when teachers would offer guidance which, of course, requires a different training. The second important thing is that students should be able to broaden their knowledge beyond the four walls of the school or the boundary of their country. They must be connected to the outside world where they learn about global trends as well as global needs. Today knowledge workers should be able to work for any company, participate in a global team and work on projects that spread across national boundary without have to leave home. That also requires them to have a good command of foreign languages.<\/p>\n

In this fast changing global environment, education system is also changing fast with more and more universities are moving quickly on line to education future workers. There is several new models being tested and few weeks ago, two of the top universities in the U.S (Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology) have announced that they have working together to create a new online education called edX to build a global community of online learners. It begins a new era of global education that sooner many top universities will offer online versions of university level courses using the most advanced technologies. All will be open to anyone who wants to sign up, and the courses will involve a very nominal cost. Importantly, many students will be able to develop knowledge and skills that allow them to work anywhere without having to leave home. For example, Last year, StanfordUniversity opened Udacity that drew over 200,000 students all over the world.<\/p>\n

A Market Analyst commended: \u201cWith globalization, university must change and within the next few years the world will have fewer universities as few could compete with these giant online universities from Harvard, MIT or Stanford but it will benefit the entire world as workers will be able to work for any company as the need for skilled workers are so important to keep our world evolves. The question remain is what will happen to workers that do not have these skills or country that cannot change fast enough. The analyst commended; \u201cWhat we already saw in Africa where civil wars and government broke down into lawless factions fighting endlessly will spread to places that cannot change fast enough to adapt to the changing world.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 n\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng 85% vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1241","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1241"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1241\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1242,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1241\/revisions\/1242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}