{"id":1204,"date":"2013-07-01T17:03:21","date_gmt":"2013-07-01T10:03:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1204"},"modified":"2013-07-01T17:03:21","modified_gmt":"2013-07-01T10:03:21","slug":"phu-nu-va-khu-vuc-cong-nghe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1204","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1i n\u1eef \u0111ang h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n ph\u00e1i nam (54% n\u1eef so v\u1edbi 46% nam) nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 32% n\u1eef h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM) m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u1eef c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p trong STEM ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eef c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c khu v\u1ef1c STEM. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u1eef c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $90,000 \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed9t n\u0103m trong khi n\u1eef c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng trong kinh doanh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $62,000 v\u00e0 n\u1eef c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0m $58,000. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eef trong khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0ng \u00edt trong k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. N\u0103m 2009, n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm 37% c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 12% trong k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean trong khu v\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 40% trong y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 82% trong y t\u00e1 n\u0103m 2009.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n n\u1eef v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp STEM nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u00edt m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, \u00edt n\u1eef gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 trong k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7, khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. C\u00f3 thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch v\u0103n ho\u00e1 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho ph\u00e1i n\u1eef, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng n\u01a1i vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u0103m nom con c\u00e1i thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hay k\u0129 s\u01b0. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u00e1i n\u1eef theo \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p trong STEM. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tin t\u1ee9c ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang xem x\u00e9t thu\u00ea ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p STEM xem nh\u01b0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng gi\u1eefa nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea, gi\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u1eef. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c k\u00e8m c\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eef v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 M\u0129 g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1n nam \u1edf c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e1i n\u1eef \u0111i v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00ec m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t, v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n. Trong khu v\u1ef1c STEM, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t; nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh. C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng coi hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ai.\u201d<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi m\u1ee9c. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 \u0111i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u s\u1ebd thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t 14 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 21 t\u1edbi 65, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y \u0111i 3 tri\u1ec7u. \u1ede M\u0129, vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n gi\u00e0 h\u01a1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u00ec ng\u1eafn; g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u0103m s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 65 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2016. C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o trong khu v\u1ef1c STEM. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u01b0u \u00fd: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p trong STEM t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Women and Technology areas<\/p>\n

According to a new government report, today more women are attending college than men (54% Women vs. 46% Men) but only 32% of women are studying Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) although these are areas that grow the fastest with more job opportunities than others. The report found that women with degrees in STEM earned much more than women in non-STEM degrees. For example, a woman with Computer Science degree can make $90,000 dollars a year when a woman with a degree in business only make $62,000 and woman with a degree in education make $58,000. Currently there are more women in Computer Science, and Information System Management but less in Software Engineering, Electronic Engineering and Math. In 2009, women comprised 37% of the Computer and Information System Management but only 12% in Engineering and Math. In Medicine and Health science areas, however, women made up about 40% in Medicine and 82% in Nursing in 2009.<\/p>\n

There are factors that prevent women to get into STEM fields of study such as there are few female role models, few female professors in Engineering, Computer Science or Software Engineering; There is a cultural bias that these field are not good for women, especially in Asian and Middle Eastern Countries where women roles are stay home and taking care of children instead of working as scientists or engineers. Regardless of the causes, the report provides an urgent need for university to encourage women to pursue degree in STEM. One of the most encouraging news is today many companies are consider hiring STEM degreed women as a priority to close the gap between man and woman. These companies have successfully increased the hiring, retention, and promotion of female executives. They also encourage more mentoring to establish more women into senior management level. Research in Europe and the United States suggests that companies with senior-level women tend to perform better financially than companies with more men at the top. An executive said: \u201cThis is a best time for women to move into these fields as every company is trying to balance their gender gap. You have better chance to get hired, better chance to get promoted, and better change to get higher wages. In STEM area, there is no discrimination; a scientist is a scientist regardless of gender. Scientific and engineering fields often consider performance and skills more important than who you are.\u201d<\/p>\n

Currently many countries are facing skilled worker shortages at all levels. And it will get worst. It is predicted by 2020, Europe will have a shortfall of 14 million skilled workers aged 21 to 65, by raising the proportion of skilled women in the workplace would cut the gap to 3 million. In the United States, the current retirement of older workers will mean that a lot of companies will lose large numbers of workers in a short period of time; nearly one-fifth of the working population will be at least 65 by 2016. The only way of support the economy is having more women moving into the STEM areas. A government official noted: \u201cWe may have to hire more women with degrees in STEM from other countries to fill this gap and to have a more balanced workforce.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1i n\u1eef \u0111ang h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n ph\u00e1i nam (54% n\u1eef so v\u1edbi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1204","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1204"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1204\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1205,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1204\/revisions\/1205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}