{"id":1172,"date":"2013-07-01T16:21:15","date_gmt":"2013-07-01T09:21:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1172"},"modified":"2013-07-01T16:21:15","modified_gmt":"2013-07-01T09:21:15","slug":"chon-lua-cua-sinh-vien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1172","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1edfi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd. Ng\u00e0y nay th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p k\u00edn v\u00ec ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u00a0(STEM).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u00e0y? Theo m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc; nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u00e0o hay l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f3 quan ni\u1ec7m sai r\u1eb1ng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng c\u00f3 tranh c\u00e3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. M\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\u201d Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i: \u201cGi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00ean r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 bao qu\u00e1t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n; b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u1ec1 cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\u201d<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p bi\u1ec7n minh r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn hay thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi. Tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y t\u1edbi t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc cho n\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu v\u1edbi giai tho\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u1edbi h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i hay kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee7 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t tri\u1ebft l\u00ed v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec.\u201d<\/p>\n

S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c theo c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng khi tranh c\u00e3i n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin hay h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecd. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t khi sinh vi\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c r\u1ed9ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. N\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd trao \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c s\u0129, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1eafp t\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Tranh c\u00e3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 h\u00e0n l\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng ra kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tranh lu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c phi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y sang ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c thay v\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecd trong theo \u0111u\u1ed5i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Sinh vi\u00ean n\u00ean ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 sau khi ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A students’ choice<\/p>\n

For years, students have been warned about the mismatch between the education levels and the education required by the job market. However, few would pay attention. Today the unemployment among college graduates is high and could get higher. At the same time, there are million jobs that go unfilled because they require knowledge in particular fields, mostly in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM).<\/p>\n

Why college students are not selecting these fields of study? According to a new government study, some students do not receive enough information about the job market when entering college; many lack proper guidance on what field to study or career planning. There is a false notion that technology areas are very difficult and only the best could get in. The study concluded that unless more information about opportunities is available to encourage students to enter these fields, the shortage of skilled workers will remain unsolved.<\/p>\n

There was also a debate among academic professors and industry people regarding the emphasis placed on technology fields. The concern is about the goal of education and the influence of industries to the university. A professor explained: \u201cEducation goal is NOT about develop workers for the industries.\u201d Another professor said: \u201cEducation should be broad and encompassed many things such as literature, history, politics, languages, art, and philosophy to develop a total human being; by focusing on technology we reduce the purpose of education into a vocational training for the industry.\u201d<\/p>\n

Industry representatives argued that today students need the critical thinking skills to innovate or design new solutions. This knowledge come from technology course works such as mathematics and the scientific method so students can differentiate between pattern and anecdote, facts from fiction, and distinguish science from nonsense. University should provide more technology courses and encourages students to study them. A company owner said: \u201cWe need skilled workers to grow our industry. If our universities do not train them, we have to hire foreign workers or outsource works to other countries and that will hurt our economy. Today we do not educating enough students who go into these fields because we have a philosophical differences in what education should be.\u201d<\/p>\n

Fixing the education systems problem in a meaningful way is not easy as the debate continues. In the mean time students suffer the consequences of inaction. They do not receive enough information or proper guidance to select what is best for them. An education system will be most effective when students receive a broad education rich with the rigorous study of many subjects. Such an education helps them to communicate effectively, solve complex problems, think critically and creatively and work with others as part of a team. Of course, some will be scientists and some will be musicians, some will be engineers while others will be artists, but all of them should be able to make decision based on information about their future prospective career. They should understand the local job market and future direction of the global economy so they can make their own decision.<\/p>\n

The debate between academic professors and industry representatives on what is best for students should not happen as it has become a controversy between technology areas and non-technology areas. It force students to divert select one or the others rather than what is best for them in pursuing their education. Students should make their own decision, and they should do that after reviewing all information and facts about their future careers. It is their choice.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1172"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1172\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1173,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1172\/revisions\/1173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}