{"id":1163,"date":"2013-07-01T16:09:34","date_gmt":"2013-07-01T09:09:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1163"},"modified":"2013-07-01T16:09:34","modified_gmt":"2013-07-01T09:09:34","slug":"cuoc-chien-dien-thoai-di-dong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1163","title":{"rendered":"Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f4ng ti thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 Nokia, Ericsson, Sony, Samsung, RIM, v\u00e0 Motorola. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Apple v\u00e0 Google. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean c\u1ee7a hai c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y trong khu v\u1ef1c di \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 th\u1eafng trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh cao to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1ea1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh \u1edf M\u0129 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1940 nh\u01b0ng m\u00e3i t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1973 khi Motorola \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i l\u00ean. V\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 mi\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Motorola \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u1edf trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 kinh doanh t\u1ed1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Nokia v\u00e0 Ericsson \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (1G) c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng ti m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cho n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n hay th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 hai (2G) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Motorola t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng di \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. L\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u, Motorola chi ph\u1ed1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng di \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, Nokia, v\u00e0 Ericsson v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p Nokia th\u00e2u t\u00f3m ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y t\u1eeb tay Motorola trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 Motorola v\u00e0 Nokia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng khi h\u1ecd t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u1edbi t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c1 nh\u01b0 Sony, Samsung, v\u00e0 HTC c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. V\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i t\u1eeb l\u00fac quan ni\u1ec7m t\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 18 t\u1edbi 24 th\u00e1ng. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ch\u00e2u \u00c1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m chu k\u00ec s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xu\u1ed1ng \u00edt h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0i m\u00f4 \u0111en cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00f4 \u0111en m\u1edbi h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9 sau v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4 \u0111en v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n cho m\u1ecdi ki\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng. Samsung, Sony v\u00e0 HTC \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e2u t\u00f3m th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i t\u1eeb Nokia v\u00e0 Motorola. Tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m trong s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 ba (3G) n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ch\u00e2u \u00c1 nh\u01b0 Sony, Samsung, v\u00e0 HTC th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb. Kh\u00f4ng ai d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng Apple, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ebd v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y v\u1edbi iPhone \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t. Apple \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt c\u1ea1nh tranh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u01a1i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m IOS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft app di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, Apple b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 qui t\u1eafc m\u1edbi m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Steve Jobs l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec1u cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam bao g\u1ed3m duy\u1ec7t t\u00ecm web, m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. iPhone \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn iPhone \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2u t\u00f3m \u0111a s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi tr\u00ean 45% s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i b\u00e1n trong n\u0103m 2008. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a iPhone nh\u1eafc m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y: Google v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i Androids. Vi\u1ec7c tung ra iPhone c\u1ee7a Apple v\u00e0 Android c\u1ee7a Google \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9p ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 tr\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

iPhone c\u1ee7a Apple \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u201cchu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng\u201d v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ee9ng kh\u1edfi\u201d trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Apple l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 qua c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng App c\u1ee7a Apple v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 iCloud n\u01a1i Apple ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Google kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c d\u00f9ng n\u1ec1n Android c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. N\u1ec1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edf c\u1ee7a Google l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n app. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Ph\u1ed1 Wall t\u00f3m t\u1eaft hai chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cN\u1ebfu coi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 xe h\u01a1i th\u00ec Apple \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 Mercedes, Lexus hay BMW c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u01a1i Google l\u00e0 Toyota, Honda hay Ford. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb1ng xa hoa v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb1ng kia l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1edf cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.\u201d<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u1ec1n l\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gay c\u1ea5n h\u01a1n. Ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Microsoft \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh MSDOS v\u00e0 Window \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh cao n\u00e0y, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00ean ng\u00f4i t\u1ed1i cao so v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 th\u1eafng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Google \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em Motorola v\u00e0o c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Apple.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ea3 Apple v\u00e0 Google \u0111\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i: Microsoft v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n m\u1edbi Window 8. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1edbi sau, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Microsoft l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra li\u00ean minh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng n\u1ec1n Window 8 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Androids c\u1ee7a Google. Nokia ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n nhanh sang c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Microsoft. Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y b\u00ean n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn di \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1t minh n\u01a1i Apple ki\u1ec7n Samsung v\u00e0 HTC h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m Samsung b\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft y\u00ean t\u0129nh nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c \u1edf l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y v\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ean 3 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u0103ng l\u00ean, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1t minh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Apple, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1t minh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng r\u00fat \u0111i s\u1edbm b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Sony, Ericsson, Samsung, HTC v.v. ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 Microsoft hay Google \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i Apple. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi Apple \u0111\u00e3 duy tr\u00ec quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trung th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u Apple s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn m\u1edbi m\u1ecdi n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 tin \u0111\u1ed3n l\u00e0 Apple s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u1eb7t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m tay, truy nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng, TV, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, radio, v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i l\u01b0u gi\u1eef cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 theo di ch\u00fac cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Steve Jobs.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 sang th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng di \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn, nhi\u1ec1u app di \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n. Ai s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng do b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng di \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u1edbi m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n s\u1ebd t\u1edbi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n app di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i nhu c\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn h\u01a1n trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The mobile phone war<\/p>\n

Few years ago, the biggest mobile devices companies were Nokia, Ericsson, Sony, Samsung, RIM, and Motorola. Today the biggest are Apple and Google. No one could have predicted the rise of these two software companies in the mobile area. This is how a technology strategy is applied to compete and win in this highly global competitive market.<\/p>\n

Although cellular network concept was invented in the U.S during 1940s but not until 1973 when Motorola came up with a mobile phone the market began to emerge. At that time mobile phone was very expensive and had limited range. Motorola did not think that it would be good business to be in. However, Nokia and Ericsson seized the opportunity to work on this technology and the first generation (1G) mobile technology was created. This started the race to build a better mobile phone among several companies although no one was sure that there will be a demand for it. By 1990s a better technology or second generation (2G) was created by Motorola and the mobile market exploded. In the beginning, Motorola dominated the mobile market but as more people began to use mobile phone, Nokia, and Ericsson entered the market with a business strategy of lower price to compete for a part of the mobile market. The strategy of having lower price allowed Nokia to grab a larger part of the mobile market away from Motorola during the 1990s.<\/p>\n

Both Motorola and Nokia were consider the top phone makers in the mobile industry but as they enjoyed their success, new competitions from Asia such as Sony, Samsung, and HTC also entered the market. Traditionally, a phone\u2019s life-cycle from concept to production was approximately 18 to 24 months. But Asian companies were able to reduce the cycle to less than a year. They also developed several models so newer models entered the market every few months. The business strategy of having multiple models at lower price for every type of users won. Samsung, Sony and HTC were able to grab a larger share of the phone market from Nokia and Motorola. However the reduction in the phone creation has reduced the differentiating features among phones. In just few years, almost all mobile phones have the same features and functions.<\/p>\n

The war on mobile phone market was fought mostly on hardware technology with the third generation technology (3G) where Asian companies such as Sony, Samsung, and HTC dominated. No one predicted that Apple, a computer company would enter the market with a well designed iPhone. Apple changed the rule of the competition by having a technology strategy where software operating system IOS was introduced. By controlling both the software and hardware and allowing people to write mobile apps to increase its functionality, Apple started a new direction and new rule that most mobile phone companies were not prepared with the introduction of the smart-phone.<\/p>\n

Steve Jobs\u2019 vision is to develop a device that work both as a phone and a computer that allows users to have additional functions including web search, camera, music, games, and many new functions that a typical mobile phone cannot do. The iPhone completely changed the mobile market and became the most successful mobile phone in history. In just a short time the iPhone captured a majority of the phone market with over 45% of phone sold in 2008. The success of iPhone prompted another software company to enter the market: Google with the Androids phone. The launch of Apple\u2019s iPhone and Google\u2019s Android has created an unprecedented double-impact on the mobile phone industry.<\/p>\n

Apple\u2019s iPhone is considered the \u201cGold standard\u201d with an \u201cinspirational value\u201d among users. Apple\u2018s technology strategy is offering applications and content to its users through the Apple\u2019s App store and iCloud service where Apple controls everything. In contrast, Google\u2019s technology strategy is not to control the hardware but allows other phone makers to use its Android platform to ensure availability of smart phones at affordable prices to all. Google\u2019s open system platform makes it more popular with phone users and apps developers. A Wall Street analysts summarized the two strategies as follow: \u201cIf mobile phone is a car than Apple is considered as the Mercedes, Lexus or BMW of mobile phone where Google is the Toyota, Honda or Ford. One is luxury and fully integrated with well design and total control and the other is lower price, more popular and open to all.\u201d<\/p>\n

As the smart-phone becomes more popular with users, the technology strategy of control the platform that powering the phone is becoming more critical. Thirty years ago, Microsoft applied this strategy with the MSDOS and Window operating system to control the Personal Computer. In this highly competitive world, the technology strategy reigned supreme over the typical low cost business strategy. Whoever controls the technology will control the market and win. That is why last month, Google brought Motorola and intended to have fully integrated technology system to compete with Apple.<\/p>\n

Today both Apple and Google control the mobile phone market but another software company announces that it also enters the phone market: Microsoft with a new platform Window 8. As a late comer, Microsoft\u2019s strategy is created a new alliance with phone makers and allows them to use the new Window 8 platform to compete with Google\u2019s Androids. Nokia who has seen its market share declining immediately move quickly to collaborate with Microsoft. Soon other phone makers will probably take side in this mobile war.<\/p>\n

The competition become a war of patents where Apple sued Samsung and HTC for billion dollars and forbid Samsung to sell smart phone in some countries. In the past patent disputes have been resolved quietly but it will be different this time as the market is huge. It is estimated that with over 3 billion users and still growing, the mobile phone market is worth trillions of dollars. With the on-going cases and Apple\u2019s recent successful patent lawsuit, it is clear that the patent war is not going to subside anytime soon.<\/p>\n

In order to survive, phone makers like Sony, Ericsson, Samsung, HTC etc. must work with technology company such as Microsoft or Google to fight Apple. Currently Apple has maintained the leadership with its loyal customers but will Apple be able to stay competitive with new innovative offerings every year? There is a rumor that Apple will move to be a network service provider and create an even tighter vertical integration and provide everything from handsets, network access, TV, music, radios, and games content to storage for its users according to Steve Jobs\u2019 last wish.<\/p>\n

With the power of the mobile industry has shifted away from the phone makers to technology providers the mobile market will change and encourage more innovations, more mobile apps in the near future. Who will be the leaders is still unknown but due to the dynamic nature of this industry, any company with better technology will change the mobile market. With all the changes and challenges, mobile phone users can expect more features, more functions, better phone come up in the near future. Mobile apps developer can expect higher demand for their skills as they will be needed to develop more innovative solution in the next few years.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f4ng ti thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 Nokia, Ericsson, Sony, Samsung, RIM, v\u00e0 Motorola. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1163"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1165,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1163\/revisions\/1165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}