{"id":1100,"date":"2013-07-01T14:37:28","date_gmt":"2013-07-01T07:37:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1100"},"modified":"2013-07-01T14:37:28","modified_gmt":"2013-07-01T07:37:28","slug":"tri-thuc-va-ki-nang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=1100","title":{"rendered":"Tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c. K\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Trong khi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc cung c\u1ea5p tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 qua l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y \u00c2u, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1edbi hai n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m ngay c\u1ea3 cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec1. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u00ednh l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ba m\u00f9a h\u00e8, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f4ng ti x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c; ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thu\u00ea h\u1ecd v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ecd. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111o v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u0129 n\u0103ng bao g\u1ed3m thu nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n cho hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. M\u1ed9t khi k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1eadp c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed cho nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf Microsoft hay Google th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xin vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p trong cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n trong v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t h\u1ecd v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u1ebfp. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u0129 n\u0103ng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111o hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n so v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t. C\u00f4ng ti cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng r\u1ed3i l\u1ef1a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. C\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho c\u00f4ng ti.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u0129 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi vai tr\u00f2 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng ti, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec9nh t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng ti th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, lo\u1ea1i k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u00f3 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh cao n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong m\u1ecdi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Knowledge and Skills<\/p>\n

A skill is different from knowledge. Skill is the application of knowledge to produce desired results. A skilled worker is someone who can produce desirable results by having specific knowledge and practical experience. While school training provides the necessary knowledge but only through actual working on the job that student develop their skills. That is why in the U.S and some Western European countries, college students often work in the summer to gain those important skills. Today more companies require one to two years of experience even for entry-level job. If students work in the summer, it counts toward the needed experience. If they work for three summers, it counts as one year of experience. If they have a Capstone project, it counts as six months of experience.<\/p>\n

In the past, a key part of a manager\u2019s jobs was on managing people. The company determined how many people it needs to do the work; managers hired them and managed them. Workers\u2019 qualification was determined by degrees and work experience. However, there were workers with college degrees but still could not perform the work. They had knowledge but did not know how to develop their skills. There was no measurement on how well they performed and how long they could be productive.<\/p>\n

Today a major part of a manager\u2019s job is on managing skills. Skills management involves the acquisition and development of workers\u2019 skills so that they can perform their jobs effectively and efficiently. Every manager must understand specific skills required for effective performance of each job in the company. Once the job skills are defined, manager can select workers for the job based on the set of criteria for those skills instead of relying only on the college degree. For example, job interview at Microsoft or Google often ask applicants to solve a number of problems which may require programming and designing. Selection of entry level workers is based on their skills as well as their characters and professional manner during the interview.<\/p>\n

For promotion, manager must know specific skills of workers as well as their performance on current jobs. They identify the job skills that workers will need in their next positions, and provide training to fill the skill gaps before promoting them into the next position. Skills management involves the measurement of workers\u2019 performance via a number of metric tools to assess workers\u2019 skills against job requirements so they can select the best workers for promotion. The company provides training for number of potential workers then select the best based on how well they do on the challenges during the training. Having such an effective work environment will ensure that only the best gets to the position that they can contribute to the company.<\/p>\n

Effective skill management starts with identifying the skill requirements of every job role in the company, from top to bottom and make sure that everyone has the skills needed to do their job and contribute to the company business goals. Company owner and top level managers always want to know how well the company is performing, what kind of skills that they have and what skills that they will need so they can plan for the future growth of the company. In this highly competitive market, having skilled workers in all levels of the company is critical to prosper.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c. K\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-he-thong-tin","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1100"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1101,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1100\/revisions\/1101"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}