{"id":109,"date":"2013-06-17T13:00:20","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T06:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=109"},"modified":"2013-06-17T13:00:20","modified_gmt":"2013-06-17T06:00:20","slug":"cong-viec-phan-mem-co-kho-khong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=109","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cTh\u1ea7y n\u00f3i th\u00ec d\u1ec5 r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o em r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e0 gian nan v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m. Xin th\u1ea7y b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1p: Kh\u00f4ng ai n\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 d\u1ec5. Kh\u00f4ng ai n\u00f3i h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 d\u1ec5. Kh\u00f4ng ai n\u00f3i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t, l\u00e0m ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o v\u00e0o th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang m\u01a1 r\u1ed3i. Xin th\u1ee9c d\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 kinh doanh, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 thu l\u1ea5y tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh hay ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 logic c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u0103n ph\u1ea1m trong ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00fa ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 qui t\u1eafc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc n\u00e0y m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch; b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft hay th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00f3 m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u1edbi thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i tin m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng v\u00e0o vi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng qua th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang b\u1edfi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng qui t\u1eafc n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang l\u00e0m. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n cho ch\u00fang m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh sai, th\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh\u201d b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Khi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG kh\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c hay tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video. Xin nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i thay th\u1ebf cho th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n c\u00f9.<\/p>\n

L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean ngh\u0129 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00f3ng v\u1eefng nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e1i, c\u1eeda v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v.v. C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u201cD\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t\u201d hay \u201cCapstone\u201d n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m n\u00f3 trong t\u1ed5. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n “th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c” v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n tham gia v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp m\u00f9a h\u00e8 trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti “th\u1ef1c” \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u1eefa. C\u1ed1 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 trong th\u1eddi gian r\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra website, hay l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c, cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang; l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i logic thu\u1ea7n tu\u00fd cho n\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh to\u00e0n l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 logic; m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m l\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c con s\u1ed1. M\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00f3 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 logic c\u01a1 s\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc cho n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb “to\u00e1n” l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n s\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb b\u1ea1n gi\u00fap h\u1ecd t\u00ecm v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tu\u1ef3 theo c\u00f4ng ti, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng t\u1edbi hai n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e3 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm l\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u1ebfp. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed3i v\u00e0o l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t. B\u1ea1n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m, t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 b\u1edfi v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd th\u00edch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1eafm. Trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u0103m n\u0103m d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 qua, t\u00f4i hi\u1ebfm khi nghe n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

Is software work difficult?<\/p>\n

A student wrote to me: \u201cIt is easy for you to say software is a good field of study that can get you good job but learning programming is difficult and most people who work in software told me that the job is hard and many quit after few years. Please comment.\u201d<\/p>\n

Answer: No one says software is easy. No one says learning programming is easy. No one says college education is easy because you must put your effort in anything that you do. If you want to have a good job, make a lot of money but do not want to work hard or put in any effort than you must be dreaming. Please wake up and face the reality.<\/p>\n

You must understand that software is just a field of study, no different than other fields such as business, math, hardware, or even literature. To study you must put in the effort to gain the knowledge and skills. Computer program is no different than learning a foreign language just like learning English or French that means you must practice to gain the knowledge and skills. Programming language is written in a methodical and logical way just like grammars in a foreign language. If you want to learn computer programming, you must start with the basics by learning the syntax and the rules and write few simple programs to master these fundamentals before advancing in more complex routines. Many students often do not learn these rules but learn tricks and short cuts just to write programs that run. That is why they are facing difficulty when they have to deal with larger or more complex programs. You cannot learn programming by reading books; you cannot learn to write code by learn some shortcuts or tricks. You must practice it every day from simple instructions to more complex algorithms.<\/p>\n

I believe people who do not do well in programming because they do not learn the fundamentals but hurry in writing something quickly via some tricks and shortcuts. It is possible that they may not even go to school and receive proper instructions by a qualified instructor. Without proper instructions, without proper methods and without following certain rules, they often failed after few years. You must understand that computers only do what you tell them to. If you give them wrong instructions, then they have bugs. The best way to learn how to program is \u201cPractice, practice and practice\u201d by thinking logically and following a sequence of steps called software process. As you learn how to do more, you will find that programming is NOT that difficulty as what others say. If you are willing to put in the efforts and learning all the basics then you will enjoy programming just like you enjoy music or videogames. Please remember that there is no substitute for practice as you must do it diligently.<\/p>\n

My advice is to find a good university\u2019s program and put in your efforts to learn as much as you can. Software is NOT just programming as many students think but much more. Programming language is the foundation; just like the house must have strong foundation but it must also have walls, roofs, doors and windows etc. The same thing also applies to software as it has many aspects such as requirements, architecture, designs, and many applications. You should select program that allow you to work in team so you learn about teamwork as most software works are done in teams. Some schools have \u201cSpecial projects\u201d or \u201cCapstone\u201d where you do it in a team. This is as close to \u201creal-world\u201d project as you could get in the school environment and it is valuable. You need to participate in a summer internship programs in a “real” companies so you may gain working experience too. Try to do more programming and create some projects for friends so you can practice your skills. Write code in your spare time. Help out a friend by create a website, or make up something useful for yourself. You will learn more by doing real projects, even on your own, than you ever will from a book.<\/p>\n

Many people often said that to learn computer, you must be good with mathematics. It is true; programming is nothing but pure logic so it is math. From this view, computer is all about logic; everything it does is the manipulation of numbers. All it knows is zero and one, and everything else builds on that. Programming fundamentally relies on basic algebra and logic more than any other form of mathematics. However, if you go to college you must know basic algebra as you learn about it in elementary school so it is not as difficult as some of your friends may explain so do not let them persuade you to do anything else. Do not let the word \u201cmathematics\u201d scare you.<\/p>\n

When you get hired as an entry level programmer or tester you will work with developers who may have few years of experiences more than you. Someone may ask you to help them find and fix some bugs in their programs. Depending on the company, you will probably spend six months to two years to read code and find bugs before moving into software development. It is really depending on what skills you have that you can advance to the next position. Most people spend time in testing then to developing then to technical lead and project manager. The career of software people is wide open with many positions and variety of areas to choose. As long as you are willing to put in efforts and continue to learn new things, you will do well. You said that many software people complained that software job was hard and often quit after few years, I believe that those are the exception because most of my students told me that they enjoy software works very much. In the past twenty five years of teaching, I rarely heard of anyone who is quitting computer works.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cTh\u1ea7y n\u00f3i th\u00ec d\u1ec5 r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-109","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=109"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":111,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109\/revisions\/111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=109"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}