{"id":100,"date":"2013-06-17T12:27:47","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T05:27:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=100"},"modified":"2013-06-17T12:27:47","modified_gmt":"2013-06-17T05:27:47","slug":"bang-cap-tien-si-co-la-dau-tu-tot-khong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=100","title":{"rendered":"B\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\n

Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i \u201cGi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cB\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t\u201d tr\u00ean blog c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u emails h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. C\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t KH\u00d4NG d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n hay b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 thay v\u00ec theo \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tu\u1ef3 theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin sai r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao h\u01a1n s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 n\u01a1i b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 danh gi\u00e1, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 “gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c” s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thu h\u1ed3i. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n, tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u01a1n. \u1ede M\u0129, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t qu\u00e3ng 8 t\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m, n\u00f3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 30 tu\u1ed5i g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi 21 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “qu\u00e1 ph\u1ea9m” \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin sai trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 sau khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129; h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee3 l\u00ed gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 tr\u1eeb khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ee5 hay nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sau ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 (\u201cpost-docs\u201d). Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c \u201cPost docs\u201d m\u1ea5t qu\u00e3ng 1 t\u1edbi 3 n\u0103m trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u01a1i h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u201cPost docs\u201d n\u00e0y sang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 tr\u1ee3 l\u00ed hay ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0. Ngay c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u00e1o s\u01b0. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u cho n\u00ean \u00edt c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edbi. Khi vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 nhu c\u1ea7u, l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ee5t xu\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. C\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ecdi n\u0103m cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u00e0n l\u00e2m, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam hay v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi cho t\u1edbi khi nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kinh t\u1ebf, ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n trong khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $90,000 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m cho n\u00ean trong 10 n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $900,000 (gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng). N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 KH\u00d4NG th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 (m\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i). V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n ph\u00ed cho nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong 10 n\u0103m, v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1n. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m d\u1ea1y \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e3ng $120,000 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $180,000 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m hay h\u01a1n. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1ed1t v\u00ec thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c to\u00e0n th\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n th\u1eddi. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u0129 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean khoa l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean khoa \u1edf M\u0129. V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eefa \u0111ang t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi n\u0103m), kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00ed do g\u00ec cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc hay c\u00f4ng ti tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao cho h\u1ecd. Theo thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/h1>\n

Is Ph.D degrees a good investment?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

After posting the article \u201cOver education\u201d and \u201cThe highest degree\u201d on my blog, I received several emails inquiring about careers of people who pursue the Ph.D degree. I do not want to have a debate about whether one should or should not obtain a Ph.D degree. My view is the highest degree is NOT for everybody. Some would be better with just a Bachelor\u2019s degree or a Master degree rather than pursuit the Ph.D degree. Of course, it is a personal choice depends on their situation and the local market needs.<\/p>\n

There is a false belief that higher education will lead to more opportunities. It is difficult for some people, especially people from Asian countries where high degree is considered prestigious, to accept the fact about \u201cover-education\u201d will lead to a point of diminishing returns. Basically the higher degree you get, the more limit your options. In the U.S., working toward a PhD degree usually takes\u00a0about 8 to 10 years, it prepares graduates for a very specific type of work such as conducting research. I have seen many 30 year-old PhDs that have difficult to find job than a 21 years old with a Bachelor\u2019s degree. Most companies are using the term \u201coverqualified\u201d to reject employment of people with high degree.<\/p>\n

There is a false belief among Ph.D graduates that they can easily get university teaching job. The fact is after earning a Ph.D; they cannot expect to get a job as an Assistant Professor or even Associate Professor unless they are doing additional research or post-doctoral research (\u201cpost-docs\u201d). Most \u201cPost docs\u201d takes about 1 to 3 years in a university where they receive minimum salary and there is no guarantee that they will get the teaching job. Many Ph.D graduates often move from one \u201cPost docs\u201d position to another until they get Assistant or Associated Professor job. Even at these positions, they still have to demonstrate their ability in research and publish a lot of papers to get into a Professor position. The reason is every university has many professors who do not want to retire so there are fewer opening. When the supply of workers exceeds the demand, workers’ wages tend to fall. This is the situation in most universities in the U.S and Europe. There are too many PhDs produced every year for the academic job market, and most universities fill their teaching positions with adjuncts or temporary positions until some professors retire.<\/p>\n

From the economic view, today a graduate with a Bachelor\u2019s degree in Computer Science could make $90,000 a year so in 10 years he could earn $900,000 (Assume no raise). If he continues to study toward the PhD degree instead of working, he could\u00a0NOT\u00a0make that amount of money (opportunity lost). Since he still has to pay for school tuition for 10 years, basically instead of making money, he is spending money. By the time he graduates with a PhD degree, if he could get a job teaching in university, he could earn about $120,000 a year. However Software developers with 10 years of experience could earn $180,000 a year or more. Based on this simple example, the highest degree is NOT a good investment as the earnings of people with PhD who are working full time is much less than people with a Bachelor\u2019s degree with 10 years of experience.<\/p>\n

Today\u00a0there are many people with PhDs who cannot find job and most have to work part-time. The American Association of University Professors reports that part-time faculty members represent more than half of all faculty members in the U.S. With so many PhDs on the job market (and more arriving every year), there is no reason for universities or companies to pay a premium salary for them. In strictly monetary terms, the value of a PhD degree is not a good investment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i \u201cGi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cB\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t\u201d tr\u00ean blog c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u emails h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=100"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":101,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100\/revisions\/101"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}